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Polish and Baltic States insurance sector compared to Europe

Annual Report 2018 > MARKET > Polish and Baltic States insurance sector compared to Europe
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The European insurance market generates approximately 30% of the world’s gross written premium3. According to data published on October 30, 2018, insurers operating in Europe, in countries affiliated to Insurance Europe, obtained in 2010 EUR 1 213 billion in premiums4. In 2015-2017, the European insurance market grew at an average rate of 0.6%.

In 2017, the statistical European spent EUR 2,030 on insurance, whereas the average Pole spent EUR 380, or more than 5 times less. Insurance spending in the Baltic states was even lower. In 2017, the average Lithuanian spent EUR 278 on insurance, the average Estonian spent EUR 251 and the average Latvian spent EUR 123. In 2017, the average Ukrainian spent only EUR 33 on insurance.

In Poland, the market insurance model has been developing since 1990. Currently, Poland has the largest insurance market in Central and Eastern Europe. However, even though the size of this market (as measured by gross written premium) doubled between 2008 and 2017, it still

remains way behind Western Europe. In 2017, total gross written premium in the Polish market was EUR 14.4 billion (compared to EUR 7.0 billion in 2008). Europe’s largest insurance market is the United Kingdom (with EUR 283.6 billion in gross written premium in 2017). Markets above the EUR 100 billion gross written premium threshold include France (EUR 211.6 billion), Germany (EUR 198.0 billion) and Italy (EUR 131.0 billion).

Written premium per capita (2017, EUR) in relation to the growth rate of the insurance market (2015-2017, EUR)

Written premium per capita (2017, EUR) in relation to the growth rate of the insurance market (2015-2017, EUR)

 Source: Eurostat, Insurance Europe, Swiss Re Institute (Sigma 3/2018)

 

In terms of size, the Polish insurance market also trails certain West European countries with a significantly smaller population than Poland, including Austria (EUR 17.1 billion in gross written premium in 2017), Belgium (EUR 25.8 billion), Denmark (EUR 31.2 billion), Finland (EUR 22.8 billion), the Netherlands (EUR 70.0 billion), Switzerland (EUR 48.9 billion) and Sweden (EUR 33.5 billion)5.

The structure of the Polish market is dominated by non-life insurance (approx. 60% of the market), with the majority of gross written premium generated by motor insurance. In 2017, gross written premium collected on motor third party liability insurance and motor own damage insurance accounted for 36% of the entire market’s gross written premium6. The share of life insurance in Poland’s total gross written premium (approx. 40%) was, in turn, a third lower than the European average. A similar structure of insurance markets is also typical of the Baltic states. In those countries, life insurance, on average, accounts for less than 30% of total gross written premium. This structure is completely different from that of West European countries where life insurance takes the bigger chunk of the market. In 2017, nearly 58.5% of insurance premiums in Europe was generated in life insurance, 30.6% in non-life insurance and 10.9% in health insurance. Countries with the most developed life insurance market are countries that also have the largest insurance markets. These include Italy (in 2017, life insurance accounted for 75.3% of gross written premium), the United Kingdom (69.5%), France (63.6%) and the Scandinavian states: Finland (81.3%), Sweden (78.5%) and Denmark (70.6%).

Poland’s insurance penetration rate, which is the ratio of total gross written premium to gross domestic product (GDP), is below the European average. In 2017, this rate stood at 3.1%, whereas the Europe average was 7.5%7. Even lower penetration rates were achieved in the insurance markets of Lithuania (1.9%), Ukraine (1.5%), Estonia (1.4%) and Latvia (0.9%). The highest penetration rates were recorded by the United Kingdom (12.2%), Denmark (10.8%), Finland (10.2%) and the Netherlands (9.5%).

Analyzing the penetration of insurance in relation to GDP per capita, it should be expected that the Polish insurance sector will develop alongside Poland’s economic development (growing GDP), greater affluence of the society (increasing disposable household incomes) and growing insurance awareness of the local population, which was exactly the path taken by West European countries. Between 2013 and 2017, the insurance penetration rate in Poland increased by 1.1 percentage points, from 2.0% in 2013 to 3.1% in 2017.

Insurance penetration to GDP per capita in Europe (2017, EUR)

Insurance penetration to GDP per capita in Europe (2017, EUR)

Source: Eurostat, Insurance Europe, Swiss Re Institute (Sigma 3/2018)

  

3 Swiss Re, Sigma No. 3/2018: “World insurance in 2017”
4 Insurance Europe, https://insuranceeurope.eu/insurancedata
5 Swiss Re, Sigma No. 3/2018: “World insurance in 2017”
6 Source: KNF (www.knf.gov.pl). Quarterly Bulletin. Insurance market 2017
7 Isurance Europe, https://insuranceeurope.eu/insurancedata

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